Molecular biology is the study of the chemical structures and processes of biological events involving molecules, the fundamental units of life. The study of nucleic acids (e.g., DNA and RNA) and p

The study of the three-dimensional structure of biologically significant molecules and macromolecules, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids. The function of these molecules is largely

Folding and binding are fundamental processes in structural biology that are critical for understanding the structure, function, and behavior of biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and li

A protein structure database is a database in biology that is based on the numerous experimentally established protein structures. Most protein structure databases strive to organise and annotate p

Protein engineering is the process of changing protein structures and assign them with new and/or desirable qualities in terms of activity, solubility, affinity, specificity, stability, resistance,

The topology of a protein structure is a highly simplified description of its fold that includes only the sequence of secondary structure elements and their approximate spatial positions and orient

Determining the three-dimensional structure of molecules is an important aspect of modern science, especially in the fields of chemistry, biology, and material science. There are various methods us

The field of computational biology has made significant progress.
It focuses on the influence of computational structural biology on protein structure prediction tools, macromolecular functi

Molecular modelling is a combined term for theoretical and computational techniques used to simulate or model the behaviour of molecules. 
The structure, dynamics, and thermodynamics of

Drug design, often known as rational drug design or rational design, is the creative process of discovering new medications based on understanding of a biological target. Typically, the medicine is

Macromolecular machines are assemblies with several active sites that facilitate the co-localization and/or coupling of enzymatic activities. Multi-enzyme complexes are a form of macromolecular mac

Gene regulation is the process that regulates the timing, location, and quantity of gene expression. The process is carried out by a variety of mechanisms, such as regulatory proteins and chemical

Cell signalling is the mechanism through which cells communicate with other cells within the body or with the external environment. The majority of signalling molecules are chemical substances, inc

Structural enzymology is a field of study that focuses on the three-dimensional structure of enzymes and their interactions with substrates and other molecules. Enzymes are proteins that catalyze c

Structural bioinformatics is a subject of bioinformatics dealing with the three-dimensional study and prediction of biological macromolecules like proteins, RNA, and DNA. It uses both empirically s

Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes occurring at the molecular level within living organisms, from the interaction of small molecule medications with giant macrobiomolecules such as

The objective of cell biology is to understand the structure and physiological function of individual cells, how they interact with their environment, and how huge numbers of cells work together to

Oligosaccharides expressed on the surface of cells and in biological fluids as glycoproteins, glycolipids, proteoglycans, and polysaccharides can be recognised by partner proteins, and these intera

Biomolecular simulations are computer-based methods that allow scientists to simulate the behavior of molecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and other biological macromolecules at the molecular

Proteome is the collection of proteins in your body, and proteomics is the study of proteins. After the completion of the Human Genome project, this subject is regarded as one of the major frontier

Structural biology plays an important role in cancer research, as it provides a way to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of cancer. By determining the t

Molecular biology techniques are a set of laboratory techniques used to study the molecular basis of biological processes. These techniques are used to isolate, manipulate, and analyze DNA, RNA, an

Structural biology is a rapidly evolving field, and numerous advancements have been made in recent years that are advancing our understanding of the structure and function of biological molecules.

Protein-nucleic acid interactions are important for a wide variety of biological processes, including DNA replication, transcription, translation, and DNA repair. These interactions involve the bin

Membrane structural biology is the study of the structure and function of biological membranes at the molecular level. Membranes are thin, flexible sheets of lipid bilayers that surround cells and

Biophysical and molecular biological methods are a set of experimental techniques used to study biological systems at the molecular level. These methods are widely used in fields such as biochemist

Catalysis and regulation are two important concepts in biochemistry and are fundamental to understanding how enzymes and other biomolecules function in living systems.

Catalysis refers to

The objective of x-ray crystallography is to determine the three dimensional molecular structure from a crystal. A highly concentrated, pure material is crystallised and then subjected to an x-ray

NMR spectroscopy is an indispensable tool that employs a magnetic field and radio frequency pulses to characterise the resonance frequency of an atomic nucleus in relation to its chemical or enviro

In cryo-EM, researchers rapidly freeze a cell, virus, chemical complex, or other structure to prevent the formation of ice crystals. This maintains the ori

Structure-based drug discovery is now a full part of the pharmaceutical industry, and many companies use both high-throughput screening and fragment screening to find starting points for their smal

Structural biology can provide several insights in the field of immunology, including the discovery of pathogen and receptor/ligand structures, which can be utilised to rationally design therapeuti

Data mining is the process of analyzing large datasets to discover patterns and relationships that can be used to make predictions or inform decision-making. In structural biology, data mining is u

Protein-protein interactions are fundamental to many biological processes, such as signal transduction, gene expression, and metabolic regulation. Understanding how proteins interact with each othe

Plant structural biology is the field of biology that focuses on the study of the structural organization and function of plants at the molecular and cellular levels. This field integrates the prin

Mass spectrometry (MS) is a powerful analytical technique that has become increasingly important in structural biology. MS is used to determine the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of molecules in a samp